Some time ago I posted on this issue, referring as part of that to Mary Mallon, otherwise known as 'Typhoid Mary'. At the time, I thought that her case was unique, but sadly it seems I was wrong.
...a BBC investigation has revealed that nearly 50 women were locked in
an isolation ward in a mental asylum in Surrey - not because they had a
mental illness - but because they carried typhoid and were deemed a
public health risk.
They were held at Long Grove Hospital - a mental asylum in
Surrey - which started admitting carriers of typhoid as early as 1907
and continued through the 1940s and 1950s. Once admitted, those women
never left.
One former nurse says that many of those women - admitted sane
- deteriorated mentally, driven mad by the conditions they lived in.
Others remained in full possession of their senses, despite enduring
conditions such as solitary isolation.
Appalling as this was of course, the horrific treatment of child migrants to Australia was probably even worse, involving perhaps thousands of innocent children, sometimes forcibly removed from their parents, and sent to Australia 'for a new start'', only to be physically and sexually abused.
Australia's Roman Catholic Church
publicly apologised on Thursday [2001] to British and Maltese child migrants
who suffered abuse including rape, whippings and slave labour in
religious institutions.
The apology was delivered at a parliamentary inquiry into child migration.
Two church bodies said the programme,
in which more than 1,000 British and 310 Maltese children were sent to
Australian Catholic schools between the late 1930s and 1960s, resulted
in "suffering and dislocation".
Many children were raped, whipped,
stripped of their names and forced to scramble for food thrown on the
floor. Some children were also made to do hard labour, including
construction work, at some schools.
Abuse wasn't limited to the Roman Catholic Church of course. More than 130,000 children were
'exported', over a period of more than 100 years and the practice was only
stopped in 1967.
The child migration programme
left thousands of people with no knowledge of their background and
family history. Many children left in homes, due to broken marriages or
family pressures, were shipped overseas.
The reasons behind the scheme
were practical. It helped populate the Commonwealth with white children
and it relieved Britain of the burden of looking after them. At the
time the organisations involved also thought that the children were
likely to have a better life abroad.
Classified as orphans, although
the majority were not, many children were often sent away without the
knowledge of parents or relatives, and were denied details of their
family. Brothers and sisters were separated and some children faced
appalling conditions in large institutions or were forced to work for
long hours and little pay.
Nanny, most emphatically, does not know best.